Data Structures and Algorithms:

This is a collection of data structures and algorithms that I write while learning the subject

Stack:

stack.py A stack algorithm is a data structure that is like a pack of cards - a stack. Stack has the following properties:

Push

Adds element to the top of the stack

Pop

Removes element from the top of the stack

Peek

Returns the element at the top of the stack

Size and is_empty are just helper functions

Stuff Done with stack:

• Checking if a bracket string is balanced Explanation:

  • Add all brackets in the stack one by one
  • on reaching a closing bracket, check if the top of the stack is a matching bracket
  • if it is, pop the top of the stack and check the next bracket
  • rinse and repeat
  • if the stack is empty, the string is balanced
  • otherwise, the string is not balanced in the end

• Reverse algorithm Explanation:

  • Add all characters in the string to the stack
  • make a new string - which will hold the return value
  • pop the top of the stack until its empty and add it to the string
  • Voila! the string has been reversed

• Int to binary conversion Explanation:

  • Divide the integer by 2 and add the remainder to the stack
  • the quotient obtained from the division is what we'll use to get the next remainder
  • Keep repeating until the quotient is 0
  • Reverse the stack by popping its values to obtain the binary string

      ___________________________
      |Quotient: 2 Remainder: 1  | - remainder added (Current stack: 1)
      |Quotient: 1 Remainder: 0  | - remainder added (Current stack: 10)
      |Quotient: 0 Remainder: 1  | - remainder added (Current stack: 101)
      ____________________________
      Answer will be the reverse of this stack : 101